CST110 Option #5

OPTION #5:You can also “critique a speech” provided below.

SPEECH 1: Here is the link for the 2019 Original Oratory NSDA National Final Round Speaker Video

Haris Hosseini – NSDA 2019 Original Oratory National Champion – “Simply Put” – YouTube

 

*SPEECH 2: Here is the link for the 1999 Original Oratory NFL National Final Round Speaker Video

NFL ’99 – OO Champion Josh Gad – YouTube

Once you have watched the recording the student will write a 2 page analysis (a 1/2page of summary is okay) of the speech/event and evaluate the speaker’s public speaking skills by applying it to 3 “Content” concepts from your textbook learned in class. Please use Ch.13, 14, & 15 to select content/vocabulary. Please define the concept, then includes specific “word-for word” example(s) from the speech or a detailed description of the speakers actions that you think best illustrates that concept, and justify why the speakers implementation of that concept was effective /why or why not. Developed as a part of Instructor Materials for Valenzano III, J. M., Broeckelman-Post, M. A., & Sahlstein Parcell, E. M. (2016).
Communication Pathways. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead.
Presenting in Public
• Formal presentations are often part of life
• Various occasions, formal/informal,
planned/unplanned, that call for a
presentation
• Public speaking instruction dates back to
classical times
• Aristotle identified three types of speeches
– Deliberative
– Forensic
– Epideictic
Canons of Rhetoric
• Invention
• Arrangement
• Style
• Delivery
• Memory
Topic Selection
• What is my purpose?
• What topics are appropriate?
• Is the topic appropriate for my
audience?
• Is the topic appropriate for me?
• Is the topic narrow enough?
Audience Analysis
• Demographics
• Artifacts
• Informants
• Interviews
• Surveys
• Polling the audience
• Direct observation
Researching the Topic
• Sources of Information
– Peer reviewed academic journal articles
– Books
– Magazines and newspapers
– Web and media sources
– Interviews
Types of Supporting Evidence
• Numbers and statistics
• Examples
• Testimony
– Expert
– Peer
• Definitions
– Denotative meanings
– Connotative meanings
Evaluating Information
• How recent is the source?
• Is the source reliable?
• Is the source biased?
• Is it consistent with other sources?
Dialogic Public Speaking
• Identify with your audience
• Respect differences
• Keep an open mind
• Strive for audience understanding
• Talk with, not at, your audience
Developed as a part of Instructor Materials for Valenzano III, J. M., Broeckelman-Post, M. A., & Sahlstein Parcell, E. M. (2016).
Communication Pathways. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead.
Organizing your Presentation
• Identify your general purpose
• Develop a specific purpose statement
• Convert it to a thesis statement
• Write a preview of your presentation
Parts of a Speech
• Introductions are the first part
• Make them creative and memorable
• They set the tone for the speech
• Ideally capture audience attention
• Six parts to an introduction
Introductions
• Attention-getter
• Statement of relevance to audience
• Evidence of speaker credibility
• Thesis
• Preview of main points
• Transition to the body of speech
• Introductions should be 10-15% of the
total length of the speech
Attention Getters
• Several strategies for gaining attention
– Ask a question
– Share a surprising fact or statistic
– Tell a brief narrative or anecdote
– Use a famous or inspiring quotation
– Tell a joke
Relevance to Audience
• Provide background to establish
relevance
• Tell audience why they should care
about the topic
• Great place for a statistic, for example,
to show the impact of the issue on the
audience
Speaker Credibility
• Important to establish your credibility to
speak on the topic
• Explain your qualifications
• Why should they trust you?
• Why should they trust the information
you provide them?
Thesis
• Must provide a clear thesis statement
• One-sentence summary of your speech
• Helps focus audience on the take-away
point
Preview Main Points
• Introduce the main points you’ll cover
• Keep them in the same order
• Preview helps audience see where
you’re going in the speech
Transition to the Body
• After your introduction, link to the body
of the speech
• It’s a signpost that the main part of the
speech is next
• Helps audience keep track of your
progression
Body of Speech
• Bulk of presentation time here (75-80%)
• Divided into your main points
• Each main point supports the thesis
• Each main point is divided into
subpoints
• Each subpoint is a separate idea, which
supports the main point
Conclusions
• Final chance to impact audience
• Goal is to help audience remember your
points
• Want to leave a lasting impression
• Should be approximately 10% of the
length
Conclusions
• Three parts of conclusion
– Signal conclusion (“In conclusion…”)
– Review the main points
– Clincher
• Use same devices as an attention-getter
• This the last thing audience hears—make it
good!
A Few Words about Transitions
• Connecting statements between parts
• Glue that holds it all together
• Should appear between
– Introduction and body
– Main points
– Last main point and conclusion
• Types of effective transitions
– Internal summary
– Signpost
– Internal preview
Outlining
• Important to outline speeches
• Helps to carefully organize your ideas
• Two types of speaking outlines
– Full sentence preparation outline
– Key word speaking outline
Processes of Outlining
• Subordination
– Creating hierarchies of ideas
– Each level has different symbol and level of
indention
• Coordination
– Parts with same level of significance are “parallel”
in the outline
– Each subpoint should be given same amount of
time
• Division
– If points are subdivided, need at least 2+
subpoints
– If you can’t do that, then are not explaining your
main point enough
References
• Supporting materials need referencing
• Gives credit to the source
• Adds to your credibility
• Three places you cite sources
– Verbally in the speech
– In presentation aids (e.g., an pie chart you
extracted from a source)
– On your references page
Using Organization to
Encourage Dialogue
• Use an interesting, ethical attention
getter
• Use personal credibility wisely
• Provide credentials for all sources
• Leave the evaluation for the audience
• Acknowledge disagreement
Developed as a part of Instructor Materials for Valenzano III, J. M., Broeckelman-Post, M. A., & Sahlstein Parcell, E. M. (2016).
Communication Pathways. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead.
Delivery
• Delivery is very important, yet scary for
most
• One of the five canons of rhetoric
• Good delivery helps with many aspects
• Poor delivery can derail the entire
speech
Forms of Delivery
• Vocal Delivery-vocalics
– Pronunciation
– Articulation
– Volume
– Pitch
– Rhythm
– Rate
– Tone
– Vocalized pauses
Forms of Delivery
• Physical delivery
– Physical appearance
– Posture
– Facial expressions
– Gestures
– Eye contact
Forms of delivery
• Types of delivered speeches
– Memorized
– Manuscript
– Extemporaneous
– Impromptu
Communication Apprehension
• Fear or anxiety for real or anticipated
communication
• Trait CA (innate)
• State CA (contextual)
Strategies to Reduce CA
• Practice speech often
• Employ relaxation techniques
• Use systematic desensitization
• Visualize success
• Think of speech as conversation with
one individual at a time
Presentation Aids
• Additional resources for engaging
audience
• Types of aids
– Objects
– Models
– Demonstrations
Traditional Presentation Aids
• Charts
• Line graphs
• Bar graphs
• Histograms
• Pie graph
• Scatterplot
• Photographs
• Video or audio clips
Multimedia Technology
• Powerpoint, Keynote, etc. are helpful
ways to display information to the
audience
• Might embed clips or other aids into the
slideshow
• If used poorly, they distract, however
– Don’t put too much on slides
– Choose fonts and colors that don’t distract
– Keep unnecessary information off slides
Practice
• Practice, practice, practice!
• Ways to practice
– In front of mirror
– In front of a small group of friends or family
– Record yourself practicing and watch it!
• Strategies for practicing
– Time yourself
– Practice with your aids
– If practicing with audience, ask for specific
feedback
Using Delivery to Encourage Dialogue
• Check pronunciations before speaking
• Engage with your audience
• Practice, practice, and then practice
again
• Choose presentations aids to increase
understanding
• Choose interesting vocal delivery
methods